Examining association between construction inspection grades and critical defects using data mining and fuzzy logic
Abstract
This paper explores the relations between defect types and quality inspection grades of public construction projects in Taiwan. Altogether, 499 defect types (classified from 17,648 defects) were found after analyzing 990 construction projects from the Public Construction Management Information System of the public construction commission which is a government unit that administers all the public construction. The core of this research includes the following steps. (1) Data mining (DM) was used to derive 57 association rules which altogether contain 30 of the 499 defect types. (2) K-means clustering was used to regroup the 990 projects of two attributes (defect frequency and original grading score of each project) into four new quality classes, so the 990 projects can be more evenly distributed in the four new classes and the correctness and reliability of the following analyses can be ensured. (3) Finally analysis of variance (ANOVA), fuzzy logic, and correlation analysis were used to verify that the aforementioned 30 defect types are the important ones determining inspection grades. Results of this research can help stakeholders of construction projects paying more attention on the root causes of the critical defect types so to dramatically raise their management effectiveness.
Keyword : data mining, association rules, fuzzy set, critical defects, construction quality management
How to Cite
Lin, C.-L., & Fan, C.-L. (2018). Examining association between construction inspection grades and critical defects using data mining and fuzzy logic. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management, 24(4), 301-317. https://doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2018.3072
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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Cheng, Y.; Yu, W. D.; Li, Q. 2015. GA‐based multi-level association rule mining approach for defect analysis in the construction industry, Automation in Construction 51: 78–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2014.12.016
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Chou, J. S.; Cheng, M. Y.; Wu, Y. W. 2013. Improving classification accuracy of project dispute resolution using hybrid artificial intelligence and support vector machine models, Expert Systems with Applications 40(6): 2263–2274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2012.10.036
Chou, J. S.; Hsu, S. C.; Lin, C. W.; Chang, Y. C. 2016. Classifying influential for project information to discover rule sets for project disputes and possible resolutions, International Journal of Project Management 34(8): 1706–1716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.10.001
Coenen, F.; Goulbourne, G.; Leng, P. 2004. Tree structures for mining association rules, Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery 8: 25–51. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:DAMI.0000005257.93780.3b
Cohen, E.; Datar, M.; Fujiwara, S.; Gionis, A.; Indyk, P.; Motwani, R.; Ullman, J. D.; Yang, C. 2001. Finding interesting associations without support pruning, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 13(1): 64–78. https://doi.org/10.1109/69.908981
Cohen, J. 1988. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Lawrence Earlbaum Associates.
Forcada, N.; Macarulla, M.; Gangolells, M.; Casals, M.; Fuertes, A.; Roca, X. 2013a. Post-handover housing defects: sources and origins, Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 27(6): 756–762. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CF.1943-5509.0000368
Forcada, N.; Macarulla, M.; Love, P. E. D. 2013b. Assessment of residential defects at post-handover, Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 139(4): 372–378. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000603
Georgiou, J.; Love, P. E. D.; Smith, J. 1999. A comparison of defects in houses constructed by owners and registered builders in the Australian State of Victoria, Structural Survey 17(3): 160–169. https://doi.org/10.1108/02630809910291343
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Han, J. W.; Pei, J.; Yin, Y.; Mao, R. 2000. Mining frequent patterns without candidate generation, in Proceedings of the 2000 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data, 15–18 May 2000, Dallas, Texas. https://doi.org/10.1145/342009.335372
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Karim, K.; Marosszeky, M.; Davis, S. 2006. Managing subcontractor supply chain for quality in construction, Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 13(1): 27–42. https://doi.org/10.1108/09699980610646485
Koduru, H.; Xiao, F.; Amirkhanian, S.; Juang, C. 2010. Using fuzzy logic and expert system approaches in evaluating flexible pavement distress: case study, Journal of Transportation Engineering 136(2): 149–57. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2010)136:2(149)
Kouris, I. N.; Makris, C. H.; Tsakalidis, A. K. 2005. Using information retrieval techniques for supporting data mining, Data & Knowledge Engineering 52: 353–383. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.datak.2004.07.004
La, P. T.; Le, B.; Vo, B. 2014. Incrementally building frequent closed itemset lattice, Expert Systems with Applications 41(6): 2703–2712. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2013.11.002
Le, T. P.; Hong, T. P.; Vo, B.; Le, B. 2012. An efficient incremental mining approach based on IT-tree, in 2012 IEEE RIVF International Conference on Computing & Communication Technologies, Research, Innovation, and Vision for the Future, 27 February – 01 March 2012, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Lee, S.; Han, S.; Hyun, C. 2016. Analysis of causality between defect causes using association rule mining, International Journal of Civil, Environmental, Structural, Construction and Architectural Engineering 10(5): 654–657.
Li, H.; Li, X. Y.; Luo, X. C.; Siebert, J. 2017. Investigation of the causality patterns of non-helmet use behavior of construction workers, Automation in Construction 80: 95–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2017.02.006
Liao, C. W.; Perng, Y. H. 2008. Data mining for occupational injuries in the Taiwan construction industry, Safety Science 46(7): 1091–1102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2007.04.007
Love, P. E. D. 2002. Auditing the indirect consequences of rework in construction: a case based approach, Managerial Auditing Journal 17(3): 138–146. https://doi.org/10.1108/02686900210419921
Love, P. E. D.; Edwards, D. J. 2004. Forensic project management: the underlying causes of rework in construction projects, Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems 21(3): 207–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286600412331295955
Love, P. E. D.; Irani, Z. 2003. A project management quality cost information system for the construction industry, Information & Management 40(7): 649–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7206(02)00094-0
Macarulla, M.; Forcada, N.; Casals, M.; Gangolells, M.; Fuertes, A.; Roca, X. 2013. Standardizing housing defects: classification, validation, and benefits, Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 139(8): 968–976. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0000669
Maimon, O.; Rokach, L. 2010. Data mining and knowledge discovery handbook. 2nd ed. Heidelberg: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09823-4
Mansingh, G.; Osei-Bryson, K.; Reichgelt, H. 2011. Using ontologies to facilitate post-processing of association rules by domain experts, Information Sciences 181(3): 419–434. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2010.09.027
Mills, A.; Love, P. E. D.; Williams, P. 2009. Defects cost in residential construction, Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 135(1): 12–16. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9364(2009)135:1(12)
Olafsson, S.; Li, X.; Wu, S. 2008. Operations research and data mining, European Journal of Operational Research 187: 1429–1448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2006.09.023
Olson, D. L; Delen, D. 2008. Advanced data mining techniques. Heidelberg: Springer.
Pallant, J. 2013. SPSS survival manual: a step by step guide to data analysis using SPSS. 5th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Shirkavand, I.; Lohne, J.; Lædre, O. 2016. Defects at handover in Norwegian construction projects, Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences 226: 3–11.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.06.155
Sinha, S. K.; Fieguth, P. W. 2006. Neuro-fuzzy network for the classification of buried pipe defects, Automation in Construction 15(1): 73–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2005.02.005
Sommerville, J. 2007. Defects and rework in new build: an analysis of the phenomenon and drivers, Structural Survey 25(5): 391–407. https://doi.org/10.1108/02630800710838437
SS-ISO Svensk Standard, SS 02010: 1987. Kvalitet-Terminologi, SIS-Standardiserings-kommissionen i Sverige [Quality Terminology, SIS Standardization Commission in Sweden]. Sweden Standard, 1987.
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