Share:


The creative industry as a factor in the development of the economy: dissemination of European experience in the countries with economies in transition

    Yuriy Bilan Affiliation
    ; Tetyana Vasilyeva Affiliation
    ; Olena Kryklii Affiliation
    ; Gulbarshyn Shilimbetova Affiliation

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to determine the possibility of using the experience of European countries in the development of the creative industry as a driving force for economic growth for the economies in transition. The authors studied the concept of the creative industry, existing models of classification of sub-sectors of the creative economy. The article analyses data on the world trends in the development of the creative industry and features of these processes in the economies in transition. Based on the results obtained, the key triggers that should be influenced by government regulation in economies in transition are: ensuring access to finance, ensuring an effective system of education at all levels to ensure the availability of skilled labour and literacy consumers of creative products, availability of high-quality infrastructure and regulatory system. Proceeding from this, recommendations for the development of creative industry in the economies in transition structured in terms of the key stakeholders: government, local government (regions and cities), higher educational institutions, creative industry, and other business representatives.

Article in English.


Kūrybinė industrija kaip ekonomikos plėtros veiksnys: europietiškosios patirties sklaida pereinamojo laikotarpio ekonomikos šalyse

Santrauka

Šio straipsnio tikslas – apibrėžti galimybę panaudoti Europos šalių patirtį plėtojant kūrybinę industriją kaip ekonomikos augimo varomąją jėgą pereinamojo laikotarpio ekonomikos šalyse. Autoriai ištyrinėjo kūrybinės industrijos koncepciją, esamus kūrybos ekonomikos subsektorių klasifikavimo modelius. Straipsnyje analizuojami kūrybos industrijos plėtros pasauliniai duomenys ir šių procesų bruožai pereinamojo laikotarpio ekonomikos sąlygomis. Remiantis gautais rezultatais, svarbiausios paskatos, kurioms įtakos turėtų vyriausybių nutarimai pereinamojo laikotarpio ekonomikos sąlygomis, yra šios: užtikrinta prieiga prie lėšų, veiksmingos švietimo sistemos garantavimas visais lygmenimis, siekiant užtikrinti kvalifikuotos darbo jėgos pasiekiamumą bei vartotojų raštingumas kūrybos produktų atžvilgiu, aukštos kokybės infrastruktūros ir reglamentavimo sistemos prieinamumas. Nuo šio taško rekomendacijos, skirtos kūrybinės industrijos plėtrai pereinamojo laikotarpio ekonomikos sąlygomis, struktūruojamos atsižvelgiant į pagrindines suinteresuotąsias šalis: valdžią, vietos vyriausybę (regionai ir miestai), aukštojo mokslo institucijas, kūrybinę industriją ir kitus verslo atstovus.

Reikšminiai žodžiai: kūrybinių industrijų klasifikacija, kūrybos ekonomika, kūrybinės industrijos, pereinamojo laikotarpio ekonomika.

Keyword : classification of creative industries, creative economy, creative industries, economies in transition

How to Cite
Bilan, Y., Vasilyeva, T., Kryklii, O., & Shilimbetova, G. (2019). The creative industry as a factor in the development of the economy: dissemination of European experience in the countries with economies in transition. Creativity Studies, 12(1), 75-101. https://doi.org/10.3846/cs.2019.7453
Published in Issue
May 21, 2019
Abstract Views
4160
PDF Downloads
3691
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

Analiticheskiy tsentr pri pravitelstve Rossiyskoy federatsii. (2017). Obrazovanie i kreativnaja industrija v zerkale mezhdunarodnyh i otechestvennyh praktik. Bjulleten’ o sfere obrazovanija 13. Retrieved from http://ac.gov.ru/files/publication/a/14525.pdf

Anatoliivna Vasylieva, T., & Kas’yanenko, V. O. (2013). Іntegral’ne ocіnjuvannja іnnovacіjnogo potencіalu nacіonal’noї ekonomіki Ukraїni: naukovo-metodichnij pіdhіd і praktichnі rozrahunki. Aktual’nі problemi ekonomіki, 6(144), 50-59.

Bakhshi, H., Freeman, A., & Higgs, P. (2013). A dynamic mapping of the UK’s creative industries. Retrieved from https://eprints.qut.edu.au/57251/1/57251.pdf

Balcerzak, P. A., & Pietrzak, B. M. (2017). Digital economy in Visegrad countries. Multiple-Criteria decision analysis at regional level in the years 2012 and 2015. Journal of Competitiveness, 9(2), 5-18. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2017.02.01

Bedianashvili, G. (2016). 22 recommendations for development of creative industry in Georgia. Culture & Creativity. Retrieved from https://www.culturepartnership.eu/en/article/recommendations-of-representatives-of-creative-industry

Beukelaer, De Ch. (2014). Creative industries in “developing” countries: Questioning country classifications in the UNCTAD creative economy reports. Cultural Trends, 23(4), 232-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/09548963.2014.912043

Beukelaer, De Ch., & Koretskaya, G. (2016). Cultural industries in Kazakhstan: Models, challenges, and strategies. Almaty: British Council Kazahstan.

Boix, R., Lazzeretti, L., Capone, F., Propris, de L., & Sánchez, D. (2013). The geography of creative industries in Europe: Comparing France, Great Britain, Italy and Spain. In L. Lazzeretti (Ed.), Creative industries and innovation in Europe: Concepts, measures and comparative case studies. Series: Regions and Cities. New York: Routledge (pp. 23-44).

Bontje, M., & Musterd, S. (2009). Creative industries, creative class and competitiveness: Expert Opinions critically appraised. Geoforum, 40(5), 843-852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.07.001

BOP Consulting. (2010). Mapping the creative industries: A toolkit. Series: Creative and Cultural Economy Series. Vol. 2. Retrieved from https://creativeconomy.britishcouncil.org/media/uploads/files/English_mapping_the_creative_industries_a_toolkit_2-2.pdf

Bubenko, P. T., & Luk’yanets’, S. P. (2014). Komercіalіzacіja ob’єktіv іntelektual’noї dіjal’nostі ta їh rol’ u rozvitku kreativnih іndustrіj. Ekonomіchnij forum, 4, 70-77.

Butaud-Stubbs, E., & Konstantinou, N. (2015). Creative and cultural industries – A European asset to be used in global competition (own-initiative opinion). Retrieved from https://www.eesc.europa.eu/en/our-work/opinions-information-reports/opinions/creative-and-cultural-industries-european-asset-be-used-global-competition-own-initiative-opinion

Comunian, R., Chapain, C., & Clifton, N. (2010). Location, location, location: Exploring the complex relationship between creative industries and place. Creative Industries Journal, 3(1), 5-10. https://doi.org/10.1386/cij.3.1.5_2

Cooke, Ph., & Lazzeretti, L. (Eds.). (2008). Creative cities, cultural clusters and local economic development. Series: New Horizons in Regional Science. Ph. McCann (Series Ed.). Cheltenham, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar.

Creative Industries Council. (2018). Create together. A creative industries council strategy for cross industry collaboration: The next 5 years. Retrieved from http://www.thecreativeindustries.co.uk/me-dia/367095/final-version-july-5.pdf

Cunningham, S. D. (2002). From cultural to creative industries: Theory, industry and policy implications. Media International Australia Incorporating Culture and Policy: Quarterly Journal of Media Research and Resources, 102(1), 54-65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X0210200107

Daubaraitė, U., & Startienė, G. (2015). Creative industries impact on national economy in regard to sub-sectors. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 213, 129-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.11.415

Delibasic, M. (2016). Hypothetical matrix for institutional modeling of the basis for economic development in the countries of Southeast Europe. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 12(2), 147-159. https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2016.12-2.9

Draskovic, V., Popov, E., & Peleckis, K. K. (2017). Modelling of institutional changes in transition countries – the gap between the theory and practice. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 13(1), 125-140. https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2017.13-1.9

Dutta, S., Lanvin, B., & Wunsch-Vincent, S. (Eds.). (2018). Global Innovation Index 2018: Energizing the world with innovation. Geneva and New Delhi: World Intellectual Property Organization, Confederation of Indian Industry.

Evans, G. (2009). Creative cities, creative spaces and urban policy. Urban Studies, 46(5-6), 1003-1040. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009103853

ey.com. (2014). Creating growth: Measuring cultural and creative markets in the EU. Retrieved from https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Measuring_cultural_and_creative_markets_in_the_EU/$FILE/Creating-Growth.pdf

ey.com. (2015). Cultural times: The first global map of cultural and creative industries. Retrieved from https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/ey-cultural-times-2015/$FILE/ey-cultural-times-2015.pdf

Farinha, C. (2018a). Developing cultural and creative industries in Armenia. Retrieved from http://www.culturepartnership.eu/upload/editor/2017/Policy%20Briefs/171221%20Creative%20Industries%20Report%20for%20Armenia.pdf

Farinha, C. (2018b). Developing cultural and creative industries in Azerbaijan. Retrieved from http://www.culturepartnership.eu/upload/editor/2017/Policy%20Briefs/180315%20Creative%20Indus-tries%20Report%20for%20Azerbaijan.pdf

Farinha, C. (2018c). Developing cultural and creative industries in Belarus. Retrieved from https://www.culturepartnership.eu/upload/editor/2017/Policy%20Briefs/180115%20Creative%20Industries%20Report%20for%20Belarus.pdf

Farinha, C. (2018d). Developing cultural and creative industries in Georgia. Retrieved from https://www.culturepartnership.eu/upload/editor/2017/Research/171116%20Creative%20Industries%20Report%20for%20Georgia.pdf

Farinha, C. (2018e). Developing cultural and creative industries in Moldova. Available from Internet: http://www.culturepartnership.eu/upload/editor/2017/Policy%20Briefs/180111%20Creative%20Industries%20Report%20for%20Moldova_upd.pdf

Farinha, C. (2018f). Developing cultural and creative industries in Ukraine. Retrieved from www.cul-turepartnership.eu/upload/editor/2017/Research/Creative%20Industries%20Report%20for%20Ukraine.pdf

Flew, T. (2005). Creative economy. In J. Hartley (Ed.), Creative industries. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. (pp. 344-360).

Flew, T. (2012). The creative industries: culture and policy. Los Angeles: SAGE.

Flew, T., & Cunningham, S. (2010). Creative industries after the first decade of debate. The Information Society: An International Journal, 26(2), 113-123. https://doi.org/10.1080/01972240903562753

Florida, R. (2005a). Cities and the creative class. New York, London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203997673

Florida, R. (2005b). The flight of the creative class: The new global competition for talent. New York: Harper Business. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203997673

Florida, R. (2014). The rise of the creative class, revisited. New York: Basic Books.

Florida, R., Mellander, Ch., & King, K. (2015). The global creativity index 2015. Toronto: Martin Prosperity Institute.

Foord, J. (2008). Strategies for creative industries: An international review. Creative Industries Journal, 1(2), 91-113. https://doi.org/10.1386/cij.1.2.91_1

Galloway, S., & Dunlop, S. (2007). A critique of definitions of the cultural and creative industries in public policy. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 13(1), 17-31. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630701201657

García Lorente, J. (2016). The creative economy: The new El Dorado that Europe and Latin America want to lead. IE University. Retrieved from https://www.ie.edu/insights/articles/the-creative-economy-the-new-dorado-that-europe-and-latin-america-want-to-lead/

Garnham, N. (2005). From cultural to creative industries. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 11(1), 15-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630500067606

Gibson, Ch. R. (2006). Sydney’s creative economy: Social and spatial challenges. In R. Freestone, B. Randolph, & C. Butler-Bowdon (Eds.), Talking about Sydney: Population, community and culture in contemporary Sydney. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press (pp. 185-197).

Godlewska-Majkowska, H., Komor, A., & Typa, M. (2016). Special economic zones as growth and antigrowth poles as exemplified by Polish regions. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 4(4), 189-212. https://doi.org/10.15678/EBER.2016.040412

Hall, Sir P. (2000). Creative cities and economic development. Urban Studies, 37(4), 639-649. https://doi.org/10.1080/00420980050003946

Hartley, J. (2005). Creative industries. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Hesmondhalgh, D. (2015). The cultural industries. Los Angeles: SAGE.

Hesmondhalgh, D., & Pratt, A. C. (2005). Cultural industries and cultural policy. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 11(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630500067598

Higgs, P., & Cunningham, S. (2008). Creative industries mapping: Where have we come from and where are we going?. Creative Industries Journal, 1(1), 7-30. https://doi.org/10.1386/cij.1.1.7_1

Higgs, P., Cunningham, S., & Bakhshi, H. (2008). Beyond the creative industries: Mapping the creative economy in the United Kingdom. Retrieved from https://eprints.qut.edu.au/12166/1/beyond_creative_industries_report_NESTA.pdf

Higgs, P., Cunningham, S., & Pagan, J. (2007). Australia’s creative economy: Definitions of the segments and sectors. Brisbane: ARC Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation.

Horkheimer, M., & Adorno, Th. W. (2009). Dialectic of enlightenment: Philosophical fragments. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Howkins, J. (2001). The creative economy: How people make money from ideas. London: Penguin.

Kasprzak, R. (2013). Przemysły kreatywne w Polsce: perspektywy i uwarunkowania. Warszawa: Kamon Consulting.

Kholodnitskaya, A. V. (2018). Aktual’ni tendenciyi rozvy’tku kreaty’vny’x industrij v Ukrayini v umovax globalizaciyi. Ekonomika i suspil’stvo, 14, 151-157.

Kloudova, Y. (2010). The impact of the creative economy in the economically backward regions. Journal of the New Economic Association, 5, 110-25.

Krätke, S. (2010). “Creative cities” and the rise of the dealer class: A critique of Richard Florida’s approach to urban theory. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 34(4), 835-853. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2010.00939.x

Landry, Ch. (2011). A roadmap for the creative city. In D. E. Andersson, Å. E. Andersson, & Ch. Mellander (Eds.), Handbook of creative cities. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited (pp. 517-536). https://doi.org/10.4337/9780857936394.00036

Landry, Ch. (2005). Lineages of the creative city. Retrieved from http://charleslandry.com/panel/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2013/03/Lineages-of-the-Creative-City.pdf

Landry, Ch. (2008). The creative city: A toolkit for urban innovators. London, Sterling, VA: Earthscan.Landry, Ch., & Bianchini, F. (1995). The creative city. London: Demos.

Lazzeretti, L., Capone, F., & Innocenti, N. (2018). The rise of cultural and creative industries in creative economy research: A bibliometric analysis. In L. Lazzeretti, M. Vecco (Eds.), Creative industries and entrepreneurship: Paradigms in transition from a global perspective. Cheltenham, Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar Publishing (pp. 13-34). https://doi.org/10.4337/9781786435927.00007

Liu, Y.-Y., & Chiu, Y.-H. (2017). Evaluation of the policy of the creative industry for urban development. Sustainability, 9(6-1009), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9061009

Lyeonov, S. V., Vasylieva, T. A., & Lyulyov, O. V. (2018). Macroeconomic stability evaluation in countries of lower-middle income economies. Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University, 1, 138-146. https://doi.org/10.29202/nvngu/2018-1/4

Madrak-Grochowska, M. (2015). The knowledge-based economy as a stage in the development of the economy. Quarterly Journal Oeconomia Copernicana, 6(2), 7-20. https://doi.org/10.12775/OeC.2015.009

Markusen, A., Wassall, G. H., DeNatale, D., & Cohen, R. (2008). Defining the creative economy: Industry and occupational approaches. Economic Development Quarterly, 22(1), 24-45. https://doi.org/10.1177/0891242407311862

Miège, B. (1979). The cultural commodity. Media, Culture and Society, 1, 297-311. https://doi.org/10.1177/016344377900100307

Miller, T. (2009). From creative to cultural industries: Not all industries are cultural, and no industries are creative. Cultural Studies, 23(1), 88-99. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502380802326660

Mitkus, T., & Maditinos, D. I. (2017). Analysis of state aid policy to stimulate innovation and internationalization in Lithuanian animation industry. Oeconomia Copernicana, 8(3), 433-446. https://doi.org/10.24136/oc.v8i3.27

Morin, E. (1962). L’Epstrit du temps 1: Névrose. Paris: Bernard Grasset.

Nathan, M., Pratt, A., & Rincon-Aznar, A. (2015). Creative economy employment in the EU and the UK: A comparative analysis. Retrieved from https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/creative-economy-employment-in-the-eu-and-uk-a-comparative-analysis

Newbigin, J. (2010). The creative economy: An introductory guide. P. Rosselló & Sh. Wright (Eds.), Series: Creative and Cultural Economy Series. Vol. 1. London: British Council.

Nurković, R. (2015). Contemporary development of creative industries in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Quaestiones Geographicae, 34(2), 45-51. https://doi.org/10.1515/quageo-2015-0014

Nwaiwu, F. (2018). Review and comparison of conceptual frameworks on digital business transformation. Journal of Competitiveness, 10(3), 86-100. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2018.03.06

O’Connor, J. (2009). Creative industries: A new direction?. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 15(4), 387-402. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630903049920

O’Connor, J. (2011). The cultural and creative industries: A critical history. Ekonomiaz, 78(3), 25-45.

O’Connor, J. (2010). The cultural and creative industries: A literature review. Series: Creativity, Culture and Education Series. Newcastle upon Tyne: Creativity, Culture and Education.

Potts, J., & Cunningham, S. (2008). Four models of the creative industries. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 14(3), 233-247. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630802281780

Pratt, A. C. (2010). Creative cities: Tensions within and between social, cultural and economic development. A critical reading of the UK experience. City, Culture and Society, 1(1), 13-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2010.04.001

Pratt, A. C. (2008). Creative cities: The cultural industries and the creative class. Geografiska Annaler: Series B, Human Geography, 90(2), 107-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0467.2008.00281.x

Pratt, A. C. (2011). The cultural contradictions of the creative city. City, Culture and Society, 2(3), 123-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2011.08.002

Primorac, J. (2014). The position and perspectives of cultural and creative industries in Southeastern Europe. Medijska istraživanja: znanstveno-stručni časopis za novinarstvo i medije, 20(1), 45-64.

Scott, A. J. (2006). Creative cities: Conceptual issues and policy questions. Journal of Urban Affairs, 28(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0735-2166.2006.00256.x

Skavronska, I. V. (2017). Creative industries in Ukraine: Analysis and prospects of the development. Economics and Sociology, 10(2), 87-106. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2017/10-2/7

Spitsin, V., Mikhalchuk, A., Chistyakova, N., Spitsyna, L., & Pavlova, I. (2018). Development of innovative industries in Russia under unfavourable external environment. Equilibrium: Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 13(3), 467-485. https://doi.org/10.24136/eq.2018.023

Stasiulis, N. (2017). The idea of the creative society and the development of creative industries. Economics and Sociology, 10(2), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2017/10-2/16

Stern, M. J., & Seifert, S. C. (2008). From creative economy to creative society. Culture and community revitalization: A collaboration 6. University of Pennsylvania Scholarly Commons. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1006&context=siap_revitalization

Sułkowski, Ł. (2012). Meta-paradigmatic cognitive perspective in management studies. Argumenta Oeconomica, 2(29), 33-51.

Ślusarczyk, B. (2018). Industry 4.0 – are we ready?. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 17(1), 232-248. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2018.17.1.19

Štefko, R., & Steffek, V. (2017). A study of creative industry entrepreneurial incubation. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 15(2), 250-261. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2017.15.2.23

Teixeira Bento Pires, B. M. (2012). The impact of “creative industries” definitions on subsector typologies (PhD Thesis). Escola das Artes da Universidade Católica Portuguesa. Porto, Portugal. Retrieved from https://repositorio.ucp.pt/bitstream/10400.14/16571/1/The%20impact%20of%20‘Creative%20Industries’%20definitions%20on%20subsector%20typologies.pdf

Throsby, D. (2008). Modelling the cultural industries. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 14(3), 217-232. https://doi.org/10.1080/10286630802281772

Ţiţan, E., Voineagu, V., & Todose, M. (2008). The impact of cultural-creative industries on the economic growth – a quantitative approach. Annals of Faculty of Economics, University og Oradea, 2(1), 930-935.

Turs’kij, І. V. (2016). Mіzhnarodniy dosvіd regіonalnogo rozvitku kreativnikh іndustrіy. Bіznes Іnform, 12, 72-79.

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. (2008). Creative Economy: Report 2008. The challenge of assessing the Creative Economy: Towards informed policy-making. Retrieved from https://unctad.org/en/Docs/ditc20082cer_en.pdf

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. (2010). Creative Economy: Report 2010. Creative Economy: A feasible development option. Retrieved from https://unctad.org/en/Docs/ditctab20103_en.pdf

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. (2015). Creative Economy Outlook and Country Profiles: Trends in international trade in creative industries. Retrieved from https://unctad.org/en/PublicationsLibrary/webditcted2016d5_en.pdf

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development. (2018). UNCTAD’s work on the creative economy. Retrieved from https://unctad.org/en/Pages/DITC/CreativeEconomy/Creative-Economy.aspx

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development STAT. (2018). Creative economy. Data center. Retrieved from https://unctadstat.unctad.org/wds/ReportFolders/reportFolders.aspx

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (2013). Creative Economy Report 2013. Special Edition: Widening Local Development Pathways. Retrieved from http://www.unesco.org/culture/pdf/creative-economy-report-2013.pdf

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (2017). Creative industries, creativity. Retrieved from http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/creativity/creative-industries/

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. (2012). Measuring the economic contribution of cultural industries: A review and assessment of current methodological approaches. 2009 Framework for Cultural Statistics Handbook. No. 1. Montreal: UNESCO Institute for Statistics.

Vasilyeva, T., Lyeonov, S., Adamičková, I., & Bagmet, K. (2018a). Institutional quality of social sector: The essence and measurements. Economics and Sociology, 11(2), 248-262. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2018/11-2/17

Vasylieva, T., Lyeonov, S., Lyulyov, O., & Kyrychenko, K. (2018b). Macroeconomic stability and its impact on the economic growth of the country. Montenegrin Journal of Economics, 14(1), 159-170. https://doi.org/10.14254/1800-5845/2018.14-1.12

Wierzbicka, W. (2018). Information infrastructure as a pillar of the knowledge-based economy – an analysis of regional differentiation in Poland. Equilibrium: Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, 13(1), 123-139. https://doi.org/10.24136/eq.2018.007

Working Group of EU Member States Experts (Open Method of Coordination) on Cultural and Creative Industries. (2012). Policy handbook on how to strategically use the EU support programmes, including structural funds, to foster the potential of culture for local, regional and national development and the spill-over effects on the wider economy? Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/culture/library/publications/cci-policy-handbook_en.pdf

Yusuf, Sh., & Nabeshima, K. (2005). Creative industries in East Asia. Cities, 22(2), 109-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2005.01.001

Zachorowska-Mazurkiewicz, A., & Sierotowicz, T. (2017). Women, men and creativity in higher education sector – comparative studies of leading EU and ECE countries. Journal of International Studies, 10(3), 105-119. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-3/8

Zelentsova, E. V. (2008). Stanovlenie i razvitie kreativnyih industriy v sovremennoy kulture: Analiz zarubezhnogo opyita (PhD Thesis). Moscow State Pedagogical University. Moscow, Russia.

Żelazny, R. (2017). Determinants and measurement of smart growth: Evidence from Poland. Journal of International Studies, 10(1), 34-45. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-8330.2017/10-1/2